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Renata Liubertaitė

You rarely know what to expect when buying a used car. They all come with a history, and you're likely to uncover a few quirks along the way – a mysterious dashboard light or a slightly offbeat engine hum that could double as a playlist.

Therefore, arming yourself with knowledge is vital in the used car buying process.

In this article, you’ll learn about some common used car problems, things that often lurk beneath the surface, and how you can avoid purchasing a vehicle that will take you on an adventure you’ve never signed up for.

Reveal them all! Just enter a VIN code and click the button:

Used cars have dark secrets

Among the biggest used car problems, the engine overheating is a frequent and troublesome issue. It occurs when the engine’s temperature rises beyond its normal operating range, potentially harming various engine components and even resulting in engine failure.

There can be many reasons why your car’s engine is overheating. Low coolant levels, a stuck thermostat, or a worn-out water pump can all throw a wrench in the works.

Fortunately, checking if the engine is overheating before purchasing a used vehicle is not that difficult. The easiest way to do this is to take a longer test drive, observing the temperature changes and potential overheating symptoms.

Regardless of the cause, an overheating engine isn’t something you want to leave unattended, as engine repairs or replacement can be very expensive.

The relatively good news is that you’ll be able to see clear signs if your used car starts to experience engine overheating. Typically, it includes the following:

A rising temperature gauge or a dashboard warning light is one of the most obvious signs of the engine going beyond its operating temperature.

Unusual smells that overheating engine emits, often resembling a sweet or chemical-like smell.

Strange ticking sounds indicate that the lubrication process between the moving parts of the engine has failed.

Reduced engine power prevents your car from keeping up with the traffic.

Coolant under your parked vehicle may also indicate an engine overheating.

If you notice any of these signs while driving, safely pull over and shut off the engine. By doing so, you can prevent potential damage (that can even lead to fire) and start addressing the issue immediately.

Whether the car transmission is automatic or manual, its malfunction is another common issue used car owners face.

Depending on the transmission type, a malfunction can appear differently. For example, an automatic transmission may slip, while difficulty switching gears is a typical manual transmission issue. The latter symptom may also be caused by a dragging clutch, making it challenging or even impossible to change gears.

Needless to say, transmission malfunctions require your immediate attention – they’re expensive to fix and may cause safety issues.

What are the most common transmission failure symptoms?

Besides transmission slipping and difficulty shifting gears, here are some other warning signs that your vehicle may need transmission repair:

Unusual sounds. Although strange sounds can indicate many different problems, a failing transmission is one of them. Usually, defective automatic transmissions will give you whining, clunking, and humming sounds, while manual transmissions give loud, often sudden mechanical sounds.

Fluid leaks. Since the transmission system relies on the balance of fluid pressure and lubrication, leaking transmission fluid is a clear indication of a potential transmission failure.

A burning smell can indicate that the transition is overheating or the fluid is burning. 

Grinding or shaking. If your car experiences any grinding or shaking while changing gears or pressing the gas pedal, it’s likely also related to transmission issues.

Car surging or sudden deceleration. A malfunctioning transmission can result in your car either accelerating or decelerating, even when maintaining a steady pressure on the accelerator.

Delayed gear shifting. Shifting into the proper gear should be easy with a functioning transmission. Hesitation or delayed shifting is your first hint that something’s gone wrong.

Check engine light. While the primary purpose of the check engine light is to alert you about potential problems with the engine and its associated systems, it is connected to the vehicle’s onboard diagnostic system, which monitors various components and systems, including the transmission.

The braking system consists of many closely connected moving parts and is crucial for the safe operation of any vehicle. Naturally, its various components can wear out over time, trickling down other elements.

Since brake pads and rotors experience constant friction and heat during braking, they often become the centre of attention when it comes to brake system problems in used cars.

How fast they wear out or how often you should replace them depends on various factors, including driving conditions and style. It’s recommended to replace brake pads every 40,000 to 105,000 kilometres, while you should change your brake rotors anytime between 48,000 to 113,000 kilometres.

How to tell that it’s time to replace your brake pads or rotors?

When it comes to brake pads, you can notice if they’re worn out just by looking at them. Of course, a professional mechanic can tell you more than meets the eye (since you can’t see the inner brake pad without taking the wheel off), but to get a basic idea of the situation, you can check the outer brake pad yourself if your car’s wheels have open design.

As for the rotors, one of the most common indications of wear is the vibration of the steering wheel while braking. If the rotors aren’t smooth anymore, the brakes may work unevenly, leading to slight car shaking.

A vehicle’s suspension system is responsible for maintaining a comfortable and controlled ride, therefore, any little suspension issue can impact your driving experience and safety on the road. If you feel that road irregularities have become significantly more noticeable lately, the problem is likely your car’s shock absorbers and struts.

Over time, shock absorbers and struts can wear out due to various factors, including mileage, road conditions, heavy loads, driving style, or environmental factors. All of these leave their mark over time, and that’s why suspension issues are a more common problem in used cars.

Increased bouncing. If your vehicle bounces more than usual after hitting a bump or a dip in the road, it can indicate that the shock absorbers or struts are no longer working effectively.

Poor handling. Your vehicle might become more difficult to control, especially during cornering or sudden manoeuvres.

“Nose diving” or squatting. If your vehicle has suspension issues, during acceleration or braking you can notice the rear end squatting or the car dipping excessively (nose diving).

Clunking, knocking, or rattling noises coming from the suspension area can suggest the components are loose or damaged.

Uneven tyre wear. Since a car with suspension problems typically is unstable on the road, it often results in uneven tyre wear.

Battery failure is another common issue in used cars, therefore, it’s recommended to ask about the age of a battery when buying a car. In modern vehicles, battery failure will often be accompanied by the dashboard battery light.

Here are several factors that can cause battery failure in used cars:

Battery’s age. Under ideal conditions, the car’s battery often lasts up to five or six years, therefore, it’s important to consider the battery age if you’re planning to buy a used car.

Maintenance. Regular battery maintenance, such as cleaning terminals and ensuring proper connections, can help prolong its life.

Extreme temperatures. In areas with severe weather conditions (extremely hot or cold), batteries might fail sooner in cars that haven’t been well maintained.

Inactivity. If you’re not using your car that much, the battery can lose its charge and sulphate can build up on the plates, reducing its capacity.

Electrical issues. The battery might not be charging properly if the car has electrical problems, thus leading to its premature failure.

Whatever the case, if you experience battery problems with a used car, have it tested or, if necessary, replaced by a reliable mechanic to avoid unexpected breakdowns.

Modern vehicles are incomplete without catalytic converters that filter out harmful pollutants and toxic gases produced by cars. It’s an obligatory component of the car’s exhaust system that’s also expensive to replace if anything goes wrong – and sometimes it does.

Most cars perform a DPF regeneration once in a while, during which the trapped particulates heat up enough to combust and turn to ash, cleaning the catalytic converter and the diesel particulate filter. However, this function often fails, resulting in a clogged catalytic converter or DPF.

If your car’s catalytic converter is blocked or restricted, toxic gas trapped in the engine can heat up to the point of ignition. This can negatively affect the vehicle’s performance, emissions, and overall operation, and damage crucial engine components over time.

How to know if your catalytic converter is blocked?

Trouble starting the car is usually one of the first signs of a blocked catalytic converter. Another related issue is reduced engine performance, as the harmful gases get stuck in the combustion chamber, leading to decreased acceleration and increased engine lag.

Regardless of the symptom, a blocked catalytic converter can trigger the vehicle’s on-board diagnostics system, causing the “Check engine” or another warning light to illuminate on the dashboard. So, if you suspect that the catalytic converter might be the cause for it, you can use an OBD2 scanner to determine whether it’s true.

Although cosmetic issues aren’t mechanical problems and don’t really affect the functionality of a vehicle, some of them are still important to fix for safety or potential issues they may cause in the future. Visual flaws can vary greatly in terms of severity and include things like scratches, cracks, and signs of wear and tear.

For example, paint damage is a common type of exterior damage and one of the first things you notice about a car. It may seem like a minor problem, but in reality, paint damage shouldn’t be ignored for several reasons:

Paint damage can significantly diminish aesthetics and reduce a car’s resale value.

Since the paint serves as a protective layer against environmental elements, paint damage can lead to rust and corrosion, potentially causing structural damage and affecting the car’s longevity.

Even minor paint damage can escalate if not addressed, for example, because of moisture, temperature changes, and other factors.

Interior wear and tear is another aesthetic matter, yet it can also help spot some discrepancies about the car. For example, if a vehicle’s steering wheel, driver’s seat, pedals, and gearbox look worn out but the car mileage is low, you should investigate the odometer for signs of tampering.

Problems with lights and indicators are sometimes hard to spot unless they start to mist up or collect water inside. If your car headlights look as good as new but you notice any of the mentioned issues, it can indicate that it’s been changed in the past or poorly fixed. 

3 things you should do before buying a used car

The key to avoiding the most common used car problems is learning as much as possible about a vehicle before sealing the deal. Identifying potential issues can help you make more informed decisions, plan your finances better, and avoid unexpected service visits in the future.

Overlooking a professional inspection is one of the biggest mistakes used car buyers make. Every car has its history, and you never know what you’re getting yourself into when skipping a visit to a qualified mechanic.

To avoid potential safety and financial issues in the future, inspect a used car before purchasing it so that you can know if any major repairs are needed. Make sure that the mechanic also does a car diagnostic test, as many issues can be revealed only after a diagnostic scan.

A car history check is a reliable way to learn more about a vehicle you’re about to buy. All cars have their own unique numbers called VIN, or Vehicle Identification Number.

Just enter the VIN below and get valuable insights about a car’s past, including accident history, damage records, odometer readings, original specifications, and more.

Avoid costly problems by checking a vehicle's history. Get a report instantly!

 Check your VIN

Regular car maintenance is a crucial “ritual” every car owner needs to make a part of their lives. It helps your car run smoothly, regardless of its engine, transmission type, or age, and allows you to identify potential issues before it’s too late.

What are the first signs of a potential problem when buying a used car?

What cars are the most prone to issues?

How can I research a used car’s reliability?

7 common used car problems you should be aware of

On the market for a used car? You may be expecting to find hidden gems, but stumbling upon vehicular disasters is more common. In fact, even the savviest drivers often find themselves in the wrong lane.

To avoid putting yourself in such a situation, learn the most common mistakes used car buyers make and… don’t repeat them.

Don't risk your safety - check it with carVertical first

Looks can be deceiving!

1. Overlooking a professional car inspection

Overlooking a professional car inspection is one of the biggest mistakes used car buyers make that can result in potential safety and financial issues in the future. Unless you’re a professional mechanic and can do it yourself, skipping a pre-purchase inspection (PPI) is never a good idea.

A qualified mechanic can thoroughly inspect a car and let you know if any major repairs are needed. PPI usually involves the following:

An exterior inspection that helps evaluate the car’s body for rust, dents, and check the paint quality, lights, mirrors, etc. The condition of tyres is also essential – a good set of tyres is not cheap.

The interior inspection often includes testing all interior controls, features, and evaluating the overall wear.

Electrical systems should be tested for any issues related to windows, locks, air conditioning, heating, ventilation systems, and other electronics.

Checking under the bonnet enables you to evaluate the engine for leaks, visible damage, and signs of poor maintenance. It’s also essential to inspect the belts, hoses, fluid levels and their quality, test the battery, starter, and alternator.

Looking under the vehicle can help evaluate the exhaust system for leaks and integrity, the chassis and frame for rust or damage, and inspect the suspension system for wear and tear. 

Inspecting mechanical components, such as the condition and functionality of the brakes, testing the steering system for responsiveness and alignment, etc.

Diagnostic scans that are performed by connecting to the car’s onboard computer to check for error codes and issues, and identify any warning lights or system malfunctions.

Test drive to assess the car’s performance and overall driving experience.

Seems like a lot? Well, it is. However, considering the potential future expenses and safety risks of buying a used car without PPI, the relatively small inspection cost is well worth the investment for your peace of mind.

2. Neglecting the importance of a test drive

You’re going to spend a significant amount of time behind the steering wheel, so it’s important that your new car is 1) comfortable, 2) pleasant to drive, 3) and working well. The difference between driving some random car and a car that’s a good fit for you can make or break your overall driving experience.

This is why you (and preferably a trained mechanic) take the test drive, avoiding another mistake when buying a car.

Performing a test drive is beneficial for several reasons:

A test drive provides a hands-on experience of how the car performs, handles, and feels on the road.

You can listen for unusual noises, vibrations, and other signs of mechanical, performance, or safety issues that might not be obvious at first (and even second) glance.

You can evaluate whether the car suits your size and comfort preferences, including seats, driving position, visibility, and overall experience. Since all of it impacts your mood while driving, it’s a crucial step you can’t skip.

Checking various features like air conditioning, infotainment system, and others lets you decide whether they meet your expectations.

You can establish a personal preference (a.k.a. connection) for a particular car if it resonates with your driving style and needs.

A test drive can also help alleviate doubts and concerns about a vehicle if you have any. 

Identifying problems while inspecting a used car gives you a negotiation advantage.

Checking all these points is important for making a confident purchase decision you don’t regret in the future.

Used cars have dark secrets. Therefore, getting a vehicle history report to uncover them is one of the most important steps in the used car buying process.

You can’t always tell what the car has been through from its appearance, and simply expecting a seller to be honest might not end well. However, if you arm yourself with knowledge before meeting in person, you can ask all the right questions and make an informed decision before purchasing.

Here’s what a car history check can tell you:

Accident history: Using the information about past accidents and collisions provided in a vehicle history report, you can better evaluate the car’s condition and identify potential future issues.

Ownership history: You can see how many owners the vehicle has had. Frequent changes may imply potential issues with the car.

Odometer readings: A vehicle history report provides available odometer readings, which can help you avoid mileage rollbacks.

Car title: A vehicle history report can also reveal whether a car was formerly used by law enforcement, for hire (taxis), or as a rental, suggesting higher mileage and potentially increased wear and tear.

Theft and recovery: Buying a vehicle that’s wanted as stolen is probably the worst-case scenario a report can help you avoid.

Financial and legal status: The report can reveal if there are any outstanding liens or loans on the vehicle that could lead to legal and financial complications.

Some reports (depending on available data) can also provide insights into market trends for similar vehicles, helping you understand whether the asking price is reasonable.

 to check the car’s history. You can always find it on the car and often in the online ad. If it’s not there and you’d like to check the car’s history before the physical meeting, ask the seller to share the VIN number with you.

Check your VIN

4. Not comparing different financing options

A car loan is a big financial agreement, so it’s essential to carefully consider different options when getting one. Signing the right deal can save you a significant amount of money and ensure you won’t regret it.

Loans vary based on their source. However, all of them typically have four main components: amount, duration, annual percentage rate (APR), and interest rate. Some people wrongly focus on monthly payments only, while APR and interest rates are actually the most important to consider.

Interest rate (%) is an annual cost of a loan to a borrower.

APR (%) is an annual cost of a loan to a borrower, including fees. 

While this might sound confusing, APR is intended to give you more information about what you’re really paying. Comparing APR is a good start for determining loan costs. However, you should remember that your monthly payment is not based on APR but on the interest rate.

Therefore, carefully evaluate different options and don’t just sign the first one you find. Compare one loan’s APR and interest rate against another’s to understand the total cost. Moreover, consider the loan term – while a longer term may mean smaller monthly payments, you will pay more overall.

Failing to get the best deal can result in paying additional interest amounts over the life of the loan.

5. Getting swindled by high-pressure sales tactics

Ever heard of FOMO? It’s an acronym of “fear of missing out” – a sense that not taking a certain action will lead to regret. For example, not buying a particular car when a seller gives you “the best deal,” which also turns out to be time-sensitive.

The key to not falling into this trick is remembering you’re in control of the buying process. There can be many reasons why the seller uses high-pressure sales tactics, and one of them can be to scam you.

Trust your instincts and do not rush into just any deal. Instead:

Learn everything you can about the specific make, model, and year of the used car you’re interested in (market value, typical price range, etc.).

Determine your budget before physically meeting the seller – this will help you to resist offers that exceed your financial limit.

Check multiple dealerships or private sellers to compare prices, options, and sales approaches. 

Ask questions – a knowledgeable buyer signals that you won’t be easily swayed by misinformation.

Stay calm and confident, showing the seller that you will only make a decision once you’re fully satisfied.

Take your time – a reputable seller will respect your decision.

By being informed, patient, and assertive, you can deal with high-pressure sales tactics and navigate the purchase of a used car without getting rushed into anything you might regret later.

, you will likely be offered a few extras, as cars are not the only thing they sell. Before purchasing any add-ons, it’s essential to consider your daily lifestyle, driving habits, car’s condition, and clearly understand your core needs when buying a used car. 

For instance, imagine you are offered a VIN etching (engraving the car’s VIN onto its windows and windscreen). The point of this is to make a vehicle easier to identify and make it more difficult to sell in the event of theft. Although the process is pretty straightforward, it can cost the car buyer from around AED550 to AED1100.

Is it necessary? Usually not. All cars have the VIN stamped in multiple places (typically the dashboard, under the bonnet, or inside the doorjambs), so identifying a vehicle is not really an issue. However, if it makes you feel safer, you can buy a kit and do it yourself for around AED90. Always research alternative options!

Extended warranties are one of the most common add-ons dealerships offer. Whether it’s worth it depends on many different factors.

First of all, all new cars come with a manufacturer’s warranty. When you’re buying a used car, check if there’s any time left on it. If so, you might not need an extended warranty (at least initially).

Moreover, extended warranties typically have a high price tag but don’t cover all repairs, e.g., components commonly replaced in routine maintenance. If the car has a strong track record for longevity and few major issues, you might never even use an extended warranty.

Finally, you don’t need to make this decision at the moment you’re purchasing a car. If you really need an extended warranty, you can shop around later, carefully evaluating different offerings.

7. Forgetting to check for recalls and safety issues

Manufacturers and regulators issue recalls to address safety-related defects (usually). Even though car recalls tend to be more commonly associated with newer vehicles, they can also occur for used ones. 

The problem is that manufacturers send recall notices only once – to the current owner. If you’re buying a used car from someone who ignored the recall, you might not even know that your vehicle is dangerous to drive.

How to check for recalls and safety concerns

To check for recalls, use the following resources:

Manufacturer’s official website: Most car makers have dedicated pages where you can check for recalls using a VIN.

Vehicle history check: carVertical reports check for recalls, so getting a VIN check may solve this issue as well.

Basic Google search: Search your car’s make, model, and year, followed by the word “recalls.” 

Government transport agencies: Depending on your country, the government might have transportation agencies that provide information about recalls and safety issues. For example, in the US, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), an agency of the US federal government, provides 

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